Calotropis gigantea and calotropis procera are to a great. Table 1 presents the chemical composition of the calotropis procera, gymnema sylvestre and hemidesmus indicus. Calotropis procera, asclepiadeae, essential oil, hydro distillation, gc and gcms. Terpenoid glycosides from the roots of calotropis procera ait. Calotropis procera is regarded as useful medicinal plant and used in folk medicine. Asclepiadaceae has been known to the traditional systems of medicine and plant known as madar in unani medicinal system. Antibacterial and phytochemical studies on calotropis gigantia.
Calotropis procera contained many biological active chemical groups including, cardenolides, steroids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, sugars, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. Sep 27, 2017 chemical constituents of calotropis gigantea. Road, mansarowar, jaipur, india bdepartment of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, faculty of pharmacy, jamia hamdard hamdard university, hamdard nagar, new delhi, india abstract. The green fruits contain a toxic milky sap that is extremely bitter and turns into a gluey coating which is resistant to soap. Chemical analysis of leaf extracts of calotropis procera.
Volatile oils from leaf and stem of calotropis procera ait, an asclepiadeae were analyzed for their constituents by means of gas chromatography and gas. Both of these species contain similar phytochemical. Aiton is a spreading shrub or mediumsized tree reaching 2. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera oloumi h 3 extensively branched root system and thick leaves with waxy coverage are the xerophytic adaptations.
Plants are richest source of bioactive organic chemicals on earth. Two common species of calotropis have been mentioned in literature by ancient writers, c. Calotropis gigantea called swetarka and calotropis procera called raktarka. Cardenolides, the principal steroidal toxins isolated from c. Extraction and phytochemical investigation of calotropis procera. The root and latex of calotropis gigantea were screened for its antimicrobial and phytochemical activities.
The constituents and pharmacological properties of calotropis procera. Phytochemical and antibacterial properties of calotropis. Br asclepidiaceae, commonly known as swallow wart or milk weed, is a glabrous or hairy laticiferous shrub or small tree, found in tropical and subtropical asia and africa 15. Calotropis procera, a small shrub is of immense pharmacological importance as a traditional medicine in the middle east, africa and south east asia figure 1. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the whole plant. The phytochemical investigation of calotropis procera revealed the presence of cardenolides, flavonoids. They regulate the ion channel physiology as in the myocardium. Chemical compositions of leaf and stem essential oils of calotropis. Calotropis gigantea arka uses, dose, side effects, ayurveda. Systematic screening of them may result in the discovery of novel active compounds. Gc ms analysis and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic. Phytochemical analysis, antibacterial and antioxidant.
The pungent latex extracted from the leaves and flowers of calotropis procera is processed and used in the commercial preparation of eye tonics. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and cardiac glycosides with a very high content in water extracts. Calotropis procera is among the species of medicinal plants that have traditionally been used for the treatment of parasites in small ruminants, stimulating the scientific validation of anthelmintic effects. Calotropis gigantea is an important indian medicinal plant and widely used in ayurveda for. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of. Chemical composition and in vitro activity of calotropis. Phytochemical and antibacterial activities of water, methanol and ethanol extracts obtained from the fruit and bark of calotropis procera were investigated in an attempt to evaluate its medicinal potentials. Extraction and phytochemical investigation of calotropis. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of. Leaves of this plant were investigated for its morphological, microscopical and phytochemical constituents to check the authenticity of the plant. Chemical compounds in plants mediate their effects on the.
Users of agricultural chemical products must always strictly comply with the directions on the label and the conditions of any permit. The effect of calotropis procera against fusarium solani agrees with the work of freitas et al. Chemical constituents and pharmacological properties of. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was done long with measurement of the leaf constants. Phytochemical investigation on stem of calotropis procera. Phytochemical investigation of flavanoid of calotropis procera in. Plant is a useful bioindicator to monitor pollution in varying concentrations of br. Chemical constituents the preliminary phytochemical screening of leaf. Biological morphology and ethanopharmocological importance. It is widely used in the indian traditional medicinal system as well as in arabic, unani, and sudanese systems. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of ethyl acetate extract of calotropis procera latex eaecpl, assess the in vitro effect against haemonchus contortus and the. Giganteol which was first obtained from the stem bark is one of them and a new triterpene alcohol, isogiganteol is the other. Hence, it is distributed in tropical and subtropical. Calotropis procera is a medicinal plant whose pharmacological properties are associated with its latex.
Calotropis gigantea crown flower is a species of calotropis the giant milkweed, calotropis procera, is native to the old world from the arabian peninsula to west, north and east africa, also from southern asia to malaysia. Chemical composition of calotropis gigantea springerlink. Characterization of chemical constituents of calotropis procera. Pdf the constituents and pharmacological properties of. The leaves of calotropis procera are said to be valuable as an antidote for snake bite, sinus fistula, rheumatism, mumps, burn injuries, and body pain. International research journal of pharmaceutical and. Chemical composition of calotropis procera essential oil is reported for the first time in literature. Ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology of calotropis. An overview of its phytochemistry and pharmacology shoaib quazi, kumkum mathur, sandeep arora pharmacy wing, lachoo memorial college of science and technology, shastri nagar, jodhpur, rajasthan. Maoyuan wang 1, qing yang 1, xiaoxia yan 1, qinglong wang 1. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera hakimeh oloumi1. Diameter of inhibition zone on the growth of different bacterial species due to application of different concentration of water extract of.
Antibacterial and phytochemical studies on calotropis gigantia l. Phytochemical properties of leaf of calotropis procera obtained from methanol and petroleum. Calotropis procera essential oil contents and constituents were changed with different plant organs. Calotropis procera and also examined the synergistic interaction between c. Preliminary phytochemical screening and gc ms issn. Here, the calotropis procera latex fractions were investigated in an attempt to trace its phytochemical profile and measure its antiinflammatory and toxicity activity. Alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavanoids were the main constituents present in leaf extract of plant and exhibited significant antimicrobial activity 15. Request pdf on mar 1, 2012, arun kakkar and others published characterization of chemical constituents of calotropis procera find, read and cite all the. Edeogai okwu and mbaebie studied a few chemical constituents 5. Phytochemical investigation of calotropis procera sciencedirect. Therefore, there is a chance for the presence of similar chemical constituents kalita and saikia, 2004. Given the potent bioactivity of calotropin, calotropis gigantea has been used as a folk medicine in india for many years, and has been reported to have a variety of uses. Phytochemical investigation on stem of calotropis procera ait.
The chemical study of calotropis vishwa nath verma department of chemistry, faculty of natural sciences, university of guyana. Phytochemistry and ethnopharmaceutics of calotropis procera. It is widely used in many ayurvedic treatments, both externally ksharasutra and internally. It has a deep taproot, 34 m deep, and a secondary root system with woody lateral roots that may rapidly regenerate adventitious shoots when the plant is injured. The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of leaves extracts of calotropis procera and calotropis gigantea and characterization of their bioactive metabolites by fourier transform infrared ftir spectroscopy and gas chromatographymass spectroscopy gcms. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the whole. The antimicrobial activity of the leaf extracts of calotropis procera. Calotropis procera, belonging to the asclepidaceae family, is present more or less throughout india and in other warm, dry places such as, warizistan, afghanistan, egypt, and tropical africa. This manuscript describes the gcms analysis and antimicrobial activity of an ethanolic extract of the leaves of the c. Pharmacognostic standardization of leaves of calotropis. This shrub is known to possess wide range of pharmacological activity. Insights on the phytochemical profile cyclopeptides and. They regulate the ion channel physiology as in the.
Calotropis gigantea linn commonly known as mudar or yercum belongs to the family asclepiadaceae. Comparative study on essential oil composition in various. The chemical constituents could directly affect the cell membrane probably through receptors coupling to g proteins. Both the species are found throughout the world, but the calotropis. International research journal of pharmaceutical and applied. Chemical structures of phytoconstituents present in c.
Abhilasha mittal a and mohd alib aapex institute of pharmaceutical sciences, v. Terpenoid glycosides from the roots of calotropis procera. Calotropis procera contained many biological active chemical groups including, cardenolides, steroids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, sugars. Calotropis procera is a plant which is used in several traditional medicine and folklore systems to cure various ailments as reported in the hindu literature. When using any agricultural chemicals please ensure that you always follow instructions on the label and any permit. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of ethyl acetate extract of c. In ancient ayurvedic medicine the plant calotropis procera linn.
Abstract calotropis procera contained many biological active chemical groups. Chemical constituents of calotropis gigantea springerlink. A study on calotropis procera leaf samples extracted the airdried leaf powder with different solvents such as petroleumether 6080c, benzene, chloroform, ethanol, and sterile water. The chemical study of calotropis vishwa nath verma department of chemistry, faculty of natural sciences, university of guyana, turkeyen campus, georgetown, guyana, south america email address. Phytochemical investigation of calotropis procera ait roots. It is a very common herb seen widely throughout india. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of calotropis gigantea root, latex extracts.
Chemical constituents of plants such as alkoloids, steroid, terpenoids, resin. Often, its another variety calotropois procera is also used in the same name. Chemical constituents of calotropis gigantea request pdf. Chemical compositions of leaf and stem essential oils of. The plant calotropis procera is known by different names in different part of the world.
Widely it is used medicinally, to treat boils, infected wounds and other skin problems in people. The aim of our study was to investigate chemical constituents of calotropis procera since no phytochemical investigation had been done previously in iraq, the. Calotropis procera is a species of flowering plant in the family apocynaceae that is native to north africa, tropical africa, western asia, south asia, and indochina. Calotropis procera are widely used traditional medicinal plant to treat various ailments. Calotropis procera, asclepiadaceae, roots, procerursenyl acetate, proceranol calotropis procera r. An unusual c18 isoursane pentacyclic triterpene isolated from the root bark of calotropis procera is assigned structure 1 on the basis of spectral and chemical studies. Rashmi sharma published on 20191126 download full article with reference data and citations. The leaves of calotropis procera are also used to treat jaundice. Chemical composition class of compound source reference. Phytochemical investigation of different plant parts of calotropis procera a. Ethnomedicine, phytochemistry and pharmacology of calotropis procera and tribulus terrestris medicinal plants possess an important advantage in the treatment of many diseases all over the world, especially in the developing countries. Shrivastava, suchita singh, sanchita singh department of botany and biotechnology govt. Mudarol, the chief resinol component of the root bark ofcalotropis gigantea, has been separated into two isomeric compounds by fractional crystallisation of the acetates and also by chromatographic adsorption analysis of the free alcohols. In ayurveda, indian practitioners have used the root and leaf of c.